Tóm tắt

Objective: To describe the current status of care for patients with tracheostomy at Thai Binh Provincial General Hospital and some related factors.

Research subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study of over 110 visits for each procedure of chest percussion and sputum suction in nursing care of patients with tracheostomy. The assessment scale is based on the procedure issued by the Ministry of Health. The chi-square test was used to identify factors related to the current status of care for patients with tracheostomy.

Results: The practice rate achieving the technique of chest percussion and sputum suction was 35.5% and 81.8%, respectively. The rate of nurses with bachelor’s degrees, and care < 5 nurses/day satisfactorily practice in the technique of chest percussion is higher than the group of nurses with college degree and cared for ≥ 5 patients/day with ORs of 3.25 and 3.06, respectively. The nursing group is ≥ 30 years old, working experience > 10 years, experience in caring for tracheostomy patients > 10 years and number of training participations > 1 time passed the practice of sputum suction technique higher than the remaining nursing group with OR of 7.91; 4.71; 4.71 and 4.44 respectively. This difference is statistically significant with p < 0.05.

Conclusion: The prorpotion of nurses practice satisfactorily the sputum suction technique is relatively high (81.8%), but it is too low with the chest percussion technique (35.5%). There are a number of factors related to percussion technique, including qualifications and the number of patients cared for per day. Some factors related to practicing the sputum suction technique are age, working experience, caring time for tracheostomy patients, and number of training session. Nurses need to pay attention to compliance with technical procedures, especially nurses aged < 30 years old, low qualifications, short working time and rarely participates in training.